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question:A thin ring with a radius of 0.1 mathrm{~m} has a uniformly distributed electric charge. What is the charge if the maximum electric field along the symmetry axis of the ring is 8 cdot 10^{4} sqrt{3} mathrm{~V} / mathrm{m}? What is the electric field at a distance of 0.2 mathrm{~m} from the center?
answer:1. **Divide the ring into small elements**: - For a uniformly charged ring with radius ( r = 0.1 , text{m} ), divide it into small differential elements with charge ( Delta Q ). - The total charge on the ring is given by ( Q = sum Delta Q ). 2. **Electric field due to a differential element**: - Consider the contribution of a differential charge element ( Delta Q ) to the electric field at a point on the symmetry axis at a distance ( x ) from the center. - The magnitude of the electric field due to ( Delta Q ) is: [ |Delta E| = k frac{Delta Q}{x^2 + r^2} ] - The component of this field in the direction of the axis (assuming symmetry ensures all other components cancel out) involves ( cos alpha ) where ( cos alpha = frac{x}{sqrt{x^2 + r^2}} ). 3. **Contribution to the axial component**: - Therefore, the contribution to the axial component of the electric field by ( Delta Q ) is: [ Delta E_x = k Delta Q frac{x}{(x^2 + r^2)^{3/2}} ] 4. **Total electric field**: - Summing over all elements, the total electric field at distance ( x ) from the center is: [ E(x) = sum Delta E_x = k frac{x}{(x^2 + r^2)^{3/2}} sum Delta Q = k Q frac{x}{(x^2 + r^2)^{3/2}} ] 5. **Maximizing the electric field**: - Find the value of ( x ) at which the electric field ( E(x) ) is maximized by differentiating ( frac{x}{(x^2 + r^2)^{3/2}} ) and setting it to zero: [ frac{d}{dx} left( frac{x}{(x^2 + r^2)^{3/2}} right) = 0 ] - Differentiating: [ frac{(x^2 + r^2)^{3/2} - x cdot frac{3}{2}(x^2 + r^2)^{1/2} cdot 2x}{(x^2 + r^2)^3} = 0 ] Simplifying: [ (x^2 + r^2)^{3/2} = 3x^2(x^2 + r^2)^{1/2} ] [ (x^2 + r^2) = 3x^2 ] [ r^2 = 2x^2 ] [ x = frac{r}{sqrt{2}} ] - Thus, the maximum is at ( x_0 = frac{r}{sqrt{2}} ). 6. **Calculating the total charge**: - Given that the maximum electric field ( E_{max} = 8 times 10^4 sqrt{3} , text{V/m} ) occurs at ( x_0 = frac{r}{sqrt{2}} ): [ Eleft(frac{r}{sqrt{2}} right) = k Q frac{frac{r}{sqrt{2}}}{left( left(frac{r}{sqrt{2}}right)^2 + r^2 right)^{3/2}} ] [ Eleft(frac{r}{sqrt{2}} right) = k Q frac{frac{r}{sqrt{2}}}{(2r^2/2)^{3/2}} ] [ 8 times 10^4 sqrt{3} = k Q frac{1}{r^2} ] - Using ( k = frac{1}{4 pi epsilon_0} approx 9 times 10^9 ): [ 8 times 10^4 sqrt{3} = 9 times 10^9 Q frac{1}{(0.1)^2} ] [ 8 times 10^4 sqrt{3} = 9 times 10^9 Q times 100 ] [ Q = frac{8 times 10^4 sqrt{3}}{9 times 10^9 times 100} ] [ Q = frac{8 sqrt{3}}{9 times 10^7} ] [ Q = 4 times 10^{-7} , text{C} ] 7. **Electric field at ( x = 0.2 , text{m} )**: - Now calculate the electric field at ( x_1 = 0.2 , text{m} ): [ E(0.2) = k Q frac{0.2}{(0.2^2 + 0.1^2)^{3/2}} ] [ E(0.2) = 9 times 10^9 cdot 4 times 10^{-7} frac{0.2}{(0.04 + 0.01)^{3/2}} ] [ E(0.2) = 3.6 times 10^3 frac{0.2}{0.05^{3/2}} ] [ E(0.2) = 3.6 times 10^3 frac{0.2}{0.01118} ] [ E(0.2) = 3.6 times 10^3 times 17.888 ] [ E(0.2) = 6.44 times 10^4 , text{V/m} ] # Conclusion: [ boxed{Q = 4 times 10^{-7} , text{C}, quad E(0.2 , text{m}) = 6.44 times 10^4 , text{V/m}} ]
question:Max was doing homework in five different subjects. It took him 24 minutes to finish tasks from biology, 1.5 times more for history, and 30% less time for chemistry. For English, he spent twice as much time as on history and chemistry combined. Finally, geography took him the most time, which was three times more than history and 75% more time than English. How much time did Max spend on doing his homework?
answer:Let's calculate the time Max spent on each subject step by step. 1. Biology: 24 minutes 2. History: 1.5 times more than biology History = 24 minutes * 1.5 = 36 minutes 3. Chemistry: 30% less time than biology Chemistry = 24 minutes - (24 minutes * 0.30) = 24 minutes - 7.2 minutes = 16.8 minutes 4. English: Twice as much time as history and chemistry combined English = 2 * (History + Chemistry) English = 2 * (36 minutes + 16.8 minutes) = 2 * 52.8 minutes = 105.6 minutes 5. Geography: Three times more than history and 75% more time than English Geography = 3 * History + (75% of English) Geography = 3 * 36 minutes + (0.75 * 105.6 minutes) Geography = 108 minutes + 79.2 minutes = 187.2 minutes Now, let's add up the time spent on all subjects to find the total time Max spent on his homework. Total time = Biology + History + Chemistry + English + Geography Total time = 24 minutes + 36 minutes + 16.8 minutes + 105.6 minutes + 187.2 minutes Total time = 369.6 minutes Max spent a total of boxed{369.6} minutes on his homework.
question:As illustrated in the figure 1, let ( ABCD A_1B_1C_1D_1 ) be a cube with an edge length of 100 cm. A moving point ( P ) starts from vertex ( A ) and moves at a constant speed of 3 cm/s along the line segment ( AC_1 ). Meanwhile, a moving point ( Q ) starts from vertex ( A_1 ) at the same time as point ( P ) and moves at a constant speed of 2 cm/s along the line segment ( A_1B_1 ). During the motion, what is the shortest distance between ( P ) and ( Q ) (accurate to 0.0001 cm)?
answer:1. **Understanding the Problem:** We have a cube with side length 100 cm. Point P starts at vertex A and moves towards vertex C_1 at a constant speed of 3 cm/s. Point Q starts at the same time from vertex A_1 and moves towards vertex B_1 at a constant speed of 2 cm/s. We need to find the minimum distance between P and Q during their motion, precise to 0.0001 cm. 2. **Coordinate System Setup:** First, set up a coordinate system for the cube: - Let A = (0, 0, 0). - The vertices of the cube have coordinates given by: - B = (100, 0, 0), - C = (100, 100, 0), - D = (0, 100, 0), - A_1 = (0, 0, 100), - B_1 = (100, 0, 100), - C_1 = (100, 100, 100), - D_1 = (0, 100, 100). 3. **Parameterize the Motion of Points:** Let P be moving along the line AC_1 which is the space diagonal: - ( A = (0, 0, 0) ) - ( C_1 = (100, 100, 100) ) The position of P as a function of time t (in seconds) is: [ mathbf{P}(t) = (3t, 3t, 3t) ] since it travels along (100, 100, 100) at 3 cm/s. Let Q be moving along the edge A_1B_1: - ( A_1 = (0, 0, 100) ) - ( B_1 = (100, 0, 100) ) The position of Q as a function of time t is: [ mathbf{Q}(t) = (2t, 0, 100) ] since it travels along (100, 0, 100) at 2 cm/s. 4. **Distance Between P and Q:** The distance d(t) between points P and Q is given by: [ d(t) = sqrt{(3t - 2t)^2 + (3t - 0)^2 + (3t - 100)^2} ] Simplify the expression inside the square root: [ d(t) = sqrt{(t)^2 + (3t)^2 + (3t - 100)^2} ] [ d(t) = sqrt{t^2 + 9t^2 + (3t - 100)^2} ] [ d(t) = sqrt{t^2 + 9t^2 + 9t^2 - 600t + 10000} ] [ d(t) = sqrt{19t^2 - 600t + 10000} ] 5. **Minimizing the Distance:** To find the minimum distance, take the derivative of d(t): [ d'(t) = frac{d}{dt}left(sqrt{19t^2 - 600t + 10000}right) = frac{1}{2sqrt{19t^2 - 600t + 10000}} cdot (38t - 600) ] Set the derivative equal to zero to find the critical points: [ 0 = frac{1}{2sqrt{19t^2 - 600t + 10000}} cdot (38t - 600) ] Solve for t: [ 38t - 600 = 0 ] [ t = frac{600}{38} = frac{300}{19} approx 15.7895 text{ seconds} ] 6. **Substitute t Back Into d(t):** Calculate d(t) at t approx 15.7895: [ dleft( frac{300}{19} right) = sqrt{19left(frac{300}{19}right)^2 - 600left(frac{300}{19}right) + 10000} ] [ = sqrt{19 cdot frac{90000}{361} - frac{180000}{19} + 10000} ] [ = sqrt{frac{1710000}{361} - frac{3420000}{361} + 10000} ] [ = sqrt{frac{1710000 - 3420000 + 3610000}{361}} ] [ = sqrt{frac{1900000}{361}} ] [ = frac{sqrt{1900000}}{19} ] [ = frac{100sqrt{190}}{19} ] [ approx frac{817}{2450} , text{cm} ] 7. **Final Answer:** Therefore, the minimum distance between P and Q during their motion is (boxed{frac{817}{2450}}).
question:Which group of functions represents the same function? A: y= dfrac {x^{2}1}{x1} and y=x+1 B: y=lg x and y= dfrac {1}{2}lg x^{2} C: y= sqrt {x^{2}}1 and y=x1 D: y=x and y=log _{a}a^{x}(a > 0 and aneq 1)
answer:For option A, y= dfrac {x^{2}-1}{x-1}=x+1(xneq 1), its domain is different from y=x+1(x∈R), so they are not the same function. For option B, y=lg x(x > 0), its domain is different from y= dfrac {1}{2}lg x^{2}=lg |x|(xneq 0), and their corresponding relationships are also different, so they are not the same function. For option C, y= sqrt {x^{2}}-1=x-1(xgeqslant 0), its domain is different from y=x-1(x∈R), so they are not the same function. For option D, y=x(x∈R), its domain is the same as y=log _{a}a^{x}=x(x∈R), and their corresponding relationships are also the same, so they are the same function. Therefore, the answer is boxed{D}. The solution involves determining whether two functions are the same by checking if their domains and corresponding relationships are the same. This is a basic problem.